ABSTRACT
As a "Gold Standard" in clinical diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease, cerebral angiography also plays an important role in forensic postmortem examination. The key roles of identifying the site of cerebrovascular disease and the cause of death as well as providing guidance for autopsy and postmortem sampling and the broad future application of cerebral angiography in forensic practice are reviewed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Autopsy , Cause of Death , Cerebral Angiography , Cerebrovascular Disorders/diagnostic imaging , Forensic Pathology/methods , Intracranial Hemorrhages/etiology , Postmortem Changes , Wounds and Injuries/pathologyABSTRACT
Individual response to drugs, toxicants, environmental chemicals and allergens varies with genotype. Some respond well to these substances without significant consequences, while others may respond strongly with severe consequences and even death. Toxicogenetics and toxicogenomics as well as pharmacogenetics explain the genetic basis for the variations of individual response to toxicants by sequencing the human genome and large-scale identification of genome polymorphism. The new disciplines will provide a new route for forensic specialists to determine the cause of death.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics , Drug Hypersensitivity/genetics , Forensic Medicine , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Genome, Human , Pharmacogenetics/trends , Pharmacokinetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Toxicogenetics/trendsABSTRACT
Autopsy by forensic pathologist is a main mean currently to determine the cause of sudden unexpected death. Retinal examination is important but seldom performed during a forensic autopsy for various reasons. The value of retina examination has not been recognized. With invention of ophthalmic endoscopy and its subsequent application in postmortem retina examination, it has proved to be useful adjunct to determine the cause of death and to estimate the postmortem interval.